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Despite the rapid flowering of construction risk insurance industry is developing slowly. Most rapidly growing insurance market of construction equipment: the presence of the policy is a prerequisite for a bank loan to purchase equipment or leasing transaction. As for the insurance of construction risks (SMR), then the abolition of licensing, where to get a building permit required to have insurance, builders are free to decide how you will be reimbursed any damage during construction or during the period of warranty. And very often the risk is not covered by insurance.
However, insurers believe that the insurance market will grow SMR by streamlining the construction industry, the growth of the number of projects with foreign capital, as well as advocacy efforts by insurance companies.
In most developed countries, insurance coverage of construction risks has long been the norm. Fear all - from design and survey works, machinery, materials, and finishing guaranty already running in the building and operation of third party insurance. In Russia, the market developed order of magnitude weaker, if the world is secured almost 100% CMP, in our reality, this figure does not exceed 10%. Not surprisingly, most of the insured projects (about 80%) are concentrated in Moscow and St. Petersburg. On the one hand, the building complex of the two capitals of the large (compared with the regions), the presence of foreign capital, on the other - are pushing developers municipalities themselves in a civilized manner to insure construction risks. However, even though not an ideal situation for the whole country, according to the International Association of Insurance technical risks, Russia is not the last, 13th in the world in terms of insurance and installation work.
Rough idea of the potential of this type of insurance, the volume provides a comparison of real estate is being built annually and average insurance rates. Estimated recruitment and consulting company "UPRIGHT" industry size "construction" in Russia was in 2006 more than 2.5 trillion. rubles (besides the actual construction, and well as with a number of niche markets, such as construction and road machinery). And although the average insurance rates do not exceed 1% of the insured value, it still is billions of rubles, which are actively fighting insurers. Most active with us at the federal level, "Renaissance Insurance" "Standard-Reserve" Insurance Company "Russia", "Spassky Gate," GSK "Yugoria", "SOGAZ" and others.
That fear
Construction insurance covers two categories of risks - property and liability. Prior to the start of the federal law on technical regulation abolished licensing construction activities, the developers had to cover third party liability. Now issued a certificate, which recognizes the emergence of duties of a construction company to repair the damage caused to life, health or property of third parties in the course of construction activity.
Abolition of licensing was to facilitate the development of the construction industry, by reducing the pressure on business by bureaucracy. However, as a side effect, the industry a huge number of small businesses with a small share capital, rented equipment and a pronounced seasonal periodicity works. The property, which has a similar enterprise, often in principle, can not compensate for the damage, while the cost of insurance by their owners were classified as totally unnecessary. As a result, we usually SMR insure large companies, large-scale projects, or foreign contractors. A separate category of policyholders - construction companies involved in the design or construction tenders, where the customer is the state. If you win, the organization must provide financial security for - a bank guarantee or insurance policy in case of non-performance or improper performance of the contract. And such insurance products are highly demanded.
In addition to liability insurance, insurers are pushing services to the Security own construction work. In case of force majeure insured building materials, labor costs, freight, mounted equipment, construction site, shall be reimbursed for clean-up of debris objects damaged by the accident. From what fear? Fire and explosion; aircraft crashes, natural disasters (avalanches, floods, earthquakes), acts of third parties (theft, robbery); accidents engineering networks, installation errors, the collapse of the object, etc. The most in demand policies that protect Fire and flood: according to statistics, the most damage to materials and equipment is causing fire and water.
Why so few?
In addition to the decline in interest in insurance-related cancellation of licensing specialists identify several causes of poor penetration of insurance in the construction industry. First, the case in formal voluntary liability insurance. Secondly, since by law the responsibility for safety rests with the property owner, each chooses a way to protect it. Therefore, insurers can only convince builders of the benefits of insurance construction, compared with the long-familiar way of increasing the estimated cost. The cost estimate, the line for "contingency" may increase project costs by 10-15%, that is, it will be much costly insurance costs, at the time, as a comprehensive insurance policy for one year will cost the construction company on average 5% of the estimated cost. However, construction has not line up in the offices of insurance companies.
According to Tamara Cancer, executive director of corporate sales Yekaterinburg branch of "GSK" Yugoria "inattention due to the overall low insurance culture in the country. "Today in Russia there are many insurance companies, and all have enough insurance field. This is because we are now standing on the lower level of insurance coverage, and in all areas - property, etc. For example, people can build a very expensive cottage, and abandon his insurance, relying more on the protection and alarm. "
However, the inertia of the builders in this case is in a more mundane explanation. When a contract to open up to the insurer to provide confidential information to outsiders. By signing the contract - observe safety, rules of operation of machinery and equipment, the word observe obligations under the contract, that the present culture of production is not always possible. "Weak market development services for insurance due to CMP, including the fact that our construction sites are actually a lot of mess. And in a civilized construction, strict compliance with rules and regulations. - The head of information department of the insurance company "Alloy MIS" Tatiana Tonkacheva - If the insured vehicle to ride it, or lend the wheel drunk strangers, in which case it will have to repair all by yourself. Because the accident - an accident, and not a causal event, if all the time break, the investigation will come. "
Another group of constraints associated with the insurers themselves - a little experience in the implementation of this type of insurance and modest (compared to western insurers) opportunities for insurance payments. Normal practice to reinsurance in foreign companies and an invitation for the estimates of foreign experts.
By the way, the personnel issue in insurance SMR - one serious. Tatiana Tonkacheva "insurance value in IDA - it's not just the cost of a building under, but also the cost of all work, equipment, materials, including consumables (electricity), transportation costs, etc. It is a very large amount of possible damage, and in which case - the relevant insurance payments. Therefore, in order to remain at a loss in the state need to have highly qualified appraisers. In many respects it is a creative process: you need to come to a bare place, to evaluate the project, the value of the property insured, the amount of work (including start-up), the possibility of problems during the operation of the building, and "drive" all in appropriate situations tariff. " Accurately predict the possibility of an insured event is not as important as evaluate the creditworthiness of the borrower: most banks have not guided only by official accounts, focusing particular attention on the real income.
Can not do without foreign expertise in the organization of customer service. Abroad powerful insurance companies not only ate dog in the formation of insurance reserves that can quickly pay damages, but also ready to help your client organization. For example - take over payment of the works in the aftermath of the insured event (equipment rental), overtime work, etc. essentials.
Insurers expect law
Insurers believe that the low level of security in the building will be kept for at least as long as there is no established mechanism for implementing the responsibility for the quality of construction of facilities being built. Remove the problem, after the abolition of licensing should lie now considered by the Duma law on "self-regulatory organizations." At the heart of the bill is the principle of collective reparation members of the organization (including the combining entities construction industry) caused to third parties during construction or during operation. What will be the mechanism for compensation - insurance or within organizations will create huge compensation funds - is not clear. If lawmakers decide to follow the path taken in the developed world, this will not only boost the development of the insurance system construction, but also at least in part will enhance the organization of the construction. |
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